Habits of the Heart: Individualism and Commitment in American Life

The authors discuss the American tradition of civic involvement and the evolution of the concept of public responsibility, particularly in the context of local governance. They begin with an exploration of Alexis de Tocqueville’s observations on the propensity of Americans to form associations and engage in civic life. Tocqueville highlighted the significance of individuals actively participating in local civic associations, such as New England townships, in shaping a sense of public responsibility beyond mere self-interest.

The narrative then shifts to the example of Suffolk, Massachusetts, as a model of a self-reliant community governed by voluntary cooperation and a sense of historical continuity. The town’s governance structure, which includes open meetings and elected committees, reflects Tocqueville’s observations on local self-government.

The authors introduce the concept of the “town father” as a contemporary embodiment of the independent citizen ideal, emphasizing individual self-interest aligned with community well-being. Howard Newton, a local businessman, exemplifies this notion by advocating for community involvement and personal responsibility in both business and civic affairs.

However, the authors also acknowledge the challenges faced by modern town fathers, particularly in the context of economic interdependence and complex political systems. Howard’s dilemma regarding the federal bailout of Chrysler illustrates the tension between traditional notions of self-reliance and the realities of modern economic dynamics.